The emerging role of miRNA in the perturbation of tumor immune microenvironment in chemoresistance: Therapeutic implications

Priya, Mondal and Bhavjot, Kaur and Jagadish, Natesh and Syed Musthapa, Meeran (2022) The emerging role of miRNA in the perturbation of tumor immune microenvironment in chemoresistance: Therapeutic implications. Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology, 124. pp. 99-113.

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Abstract

Chemoresistance is a major hindrance in cancer chemotherapies, a leading cause of tumor recurrence and cancer-related deaths. Cancer cells develop numerous strategies to elude immune attacks and are regulated by immu­ nological factors. Cancer cells can alter the expression of several immune modulators to upregulate the activities of immune checkpoint pathways. Targeting the immune checkpoint inhibitors is a part of the cancer immuno­ therapy altered during carcinogenesis. These immune modulators have the capability to reprogram the tumor microenvironment, thereby change the efficacy of chemotherapeutics. In general, the sensitivity of drugs is reduced in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, resulting in chemoresistance and tumor relapse. The regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is well established in cancer initiation, progression, and therapy. Intriguingly, miRNA affects cancer immune surveillance and immune response by targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors in the tumor microenvironment. miRNAs alter the gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, which modulates both innate and adaptive immune systems. Alteration of tumor immune microenvironment influences drug sensitivity towards cancer cells. Besides, the expression profile of immune-modulatory miRNAs can be used as a potential biomarker to predict the response and clinical outcomes in cancer immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Recent evidences have revealed that cancer-derived immune-modulatory miRNAs might be promising targets to counteract cancer immune escape, thereby increasing drug efficacy. In this review, we have compiled the role of miRNAs in overcoming the chemoresistance by modulating tumor microenvironment and discussed their preclinical and clinical implications.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Cancer, Chemoresistance, microRNAs, Tumor microenvironment Immune microenvironment, Tumor immune response, miRNA-based therapeutics
Subjects:	500 Natural Sciences and Mathematics > 07 Life Sciences > 03 Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Divisions:	Dept. of Biochemistry
Depositing User:	Somashekar K S
Date Deposited:	06 Mar 2025 05:43
Last Modified:	06 Mar 2025 05:43
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/19206

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