Acute Exposure of Drosophila Melanogaster to Paraquat Causes Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction.

Ravikumar, Hosamani and Dr., Muralidhara (2013) Acute Exposure of Drosophila Melanogaster to Paraquat Causes Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, 83 (1). pp. 25-40.

PDF ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY, Vol. 00, No. 0, 1–16 (2013).pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Registered users only Download (937kB)

Abstract

Paraquat (PQ; 1, 1�-dimethyl-4-4�-bipyridinium), an herbicide and model neurotoxicant, is identified to be one of the prime risk factors in Parkinson’s disease (PD). In the Drosophila system, PQ is commonly used to measure acquired resistance against oxidative stress (PQ resistance test). Despite this, under acute PQ exposure, data on the oxidative stress response and associated impact on mitochondria among flies is limited. Accordingly, in this study, we measured markers of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunctions among adult male flies (8–10 days old) exposed to varying concentrations of PQ (10, 20, and 40 mM in 5%sucrose solution) employing a conventional filter disc method for 24 h. PQ exposure resulted in significant elevation in the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde: 43% increase: hydroperoxide: 32–39% increase), with concomitant enhancement in reduced glutathione and total thiol levels in cytosol. Higher activity of antioxidant enzymes were also evident along with increased free iron levels. Furthermore, PQ exposure caused a concentration-dependent increase in mitochondrial superoxide generation and activity of manganese-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD). The activity levels of complex I-III, complex II-III, and Mg+2 adinosine triphosphatase (ATPase) were also decreased significantly. A robust diminution in the activity of succinate dehydrogenase and moderate decline in the citrate synthase activity suggested a specific effect on citric acid cycle enzymes. Collectively, these data suggest that acute PQ exposure causes significant oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction among flies in vivo. It is suggested that in various experimental settings, while conducting the “PQ resistance stress test” incorporation of selected biochemical end points is likely to enhance the quality of the data. �C 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Drosophila; oxidative stress; paraquat; mitochondrial dysfunction
Subjects:	600 Technology > 01 Medical sciences > 17 Toxicology
Divisions:	Dept. of Biochemistry
Depositing User:	Food Sci. & Technol. Information Services
Date Deposited:	12 Apr 2013 05:04
Last Modified:	29 Jan 2018 06:53
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/11169

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