Chemical Composition, Iron Bioavailability, and Antioxidant Activity of Kappaphycus alvarezzi (Doty)

Fayaz, Mohamed and Namitha, K. K. and Chidambara Murthy, K. N. and Mahadevaswamy, M. and Sarada, R. and Khanam, Salma and Subba Rao, P. V. and Ravishankar, G. A. (2005) Chemical Composition, Iron Bioavailability, and Antioxidant Activity of Kappaphycus alvarezzi (Doty). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53 (3). pp. 792-797.

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Abstract

<p align="justify">Kappaphycus alvarezzi, an edible seaweed from the west coast of India, was analyzed for its chemical composition. It was found that K. alvarezziis rich in protein (16.24% w/w) and contains a high amount of fiber (29.40% w/w) and carbohydrates (27.4% w/w). K. alvarezzishowed vitamin A activity of 865 Ìg retinal equivalents/100 g of sample. It contained a higher quantity of unsaturated fatty acids (44.50% of the total), in which relative percentage of oleic acid was 11%, cis-heptadecanoic acid 13.50%, and linoleic acid 2.3% and 37.0% of saturated fatty acids (mainly heptadecanoic acid). K. alvarezzi was also found to be good source of minerals, viz 0.16% of calcium, 0.033% of iron, and 0.016% of zinc, which are essential for various vital biological activities. Bioavailability of iron by in vitro methods showed a higher efficiency in intestinal conditions than in stomach conditions. Ascorbic acid influenced higher bioavailability of iron. Successive extracts of n-hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and direct extractables of chloroform/methanol (1:1 and 2:1) were screened for antioxidant activity using a ‚-carotene linoleic acid model system (B-CLAMS), DPPH (R,R-diphenyl-‚-picrylhydrazyl) model system and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. The chloroform/methanol (2:1) extract has shown 82.5% scavenging activity at 1000 ppm. Acetone fraction extracts at the 1000 ppm level showed 63.31% antioxidant activity in ‚-carotene linoleic acid system. The acetone extract showed 46.04% scavenging activity at 1000 ppm concentration. In the case of hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, all the extracts showed better activity at the concentrations of 25 and 50 ppm, where at the 50 ppm level ethyl acetate extract showed 76.0%, acetone 75.12%, and hexane 71.15% activity, respectively. Results of this study suggest the utility of K. alvarezzi (Eucheuma) for various nutritional products, including antioxidant for use as health food or nutraceutical supplement.</p>

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezzi Antioxidant activity Nutraceutical Eucheuma.
Subjects:	600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 20 Plant Food 600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 32 Antioxidants 600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 16 Nutritive value
Divisions:	Plant Cell Biotechnology
Depositing User:	Food Sci. & Technol. Information Services
Date Deposited:	12 Dec 2005
Last Modified:	11 Oct 2018 08:44
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/258

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