Development Of Bio-Coagulants for Water Treatment

Sharmila, G.V. (2006) Development Of Bio-Coagulants for Water Treatment. [Student Project Report]

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Abstract

This Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page.

Item Type:	Student Project Report
Additional Information:	The effectiveness of low cost agro-based materials namely Tamarindus Indica and Moringa Oleifera seed powders produced under ambient and cryogenic conditions to act as natural or biological coagulants for the treatment of ground water and surface wastewater is presented in this study. Four water resources: synthetic water (distilled water spiked with Bentonite clay and Calcium carbonate), natural “Kukkarahalli” lake water, back wash effluent water from “Vani Vilas” water treatment plant and ground water from a Borewell located at Bhogadi, Mysore, were used for the study. The experimental runs were conducted using cryo and non-cryo treated Tamarindus Indica and Moringa Oleifera seed powders and mixtures of these powders at various dosages. The laboratory investigations were also carried out to determine the multiple effects of physical parameters of mixing rates and times, dosage of coagulant, for turbidities ranging between 40-100 NTU, adopting a single factor of optimization. The coagulation ability of materials was assessed by the use of standard jar measurements. The turbidity was added as Bentonite clay. Water hardness from the sources varied from 125 up to 200 mg/L as CaCo3. The initial turbidities are from 80 to 200 NTU. The total alkalinity ranged from 150 to 400 mg/L. The studies showed that the removal efficiency increased with increasing degree of dosage of cryo treated mixtures of Tamarindus Indica and Moringa Oleifera seed powders as compared to the non-cryo treated mixtures, separately treated ambient and cryo ground powders. Hardness removal was found to be independent of pH of raw water. The cryo treated mixtures of powders produced comparable turbidity removal and were able to produce a final water turbidity close to the required standard of 5 NTU with both back wash effluent water from “Vani Vilas” water treatment plant and “Kukkarahalli” lake water samples having initial turbidities levels of 84 and 190 NTU. The optimum dosage for the selected turbidities was 100 mg/L. Within the range of turbidity level selected (40-100 NTU), for the rate of mixing of 100 rpm and the time of 1 min, the residual turbidity and the percentage of hardness removal was less than or equal to 10 NTU and 47% respectively. There is also a microbial load reduction. The microbial load was reduced in the back wash effluent water from “Vani Vilas” water treatment plant and “Kukkarahalli” lake water samples from 50 and 100 CFU/100 ml respectively to 4 and 30 CFU/100 ml for the dosage of 100-mg/L. The increasing dosage (200mg/L) has significantly reduced the microbial load to 99% (3 and 2 CFU/100 ml) from 50 and 100 CFU/100 ml. Based on the various operating variables to establish the relationship between the physical factors and their effect on coagulation as well as the quality parameters studied, the treatment plant to handle 10,000 liters of water is proposed.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Tamarindus Indica Moringa Oleifera biological coagulants water treatment
Subjects:	600 Technology > 02 Engineering & allied operations 500 Natural Sciences and Mathematics > 05 Earth Sciences > 03 Environmental Sciences
Divisions:	Food Engineering
Depositing User:	Food Sci. & Technol. Information Services
Date Deposited:	20 Mar 2007
Last Modified:	28 Dec 2011 09:27
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/500

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