Antihyperglycemic activity of polyphenolic components of black/bitter cumin Centratherum anthelminticum (L.) Kuntze seeds

Ani, V. and Akhilender Naidu, K. (2008) Antihyperglycemic activity of polyphenolic components of black/bitter cumin Centratherum anthelminticum (L.) Kuntze seeds. European Food Research and Technology, 226. pp. 897-903.

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Abstract

The eVect of black/bitter cumin seeds Centratherum anthelminticum (L.) Kuntze extract (CA) containing mixture of polyphenolic compounds was tested on rat intestinal �-glucosidases, human salivary �-amylase activity and postprandial hyperglycemia in rats. Polyphenolic components of C. anthelminticum seeds (CA) dose dependently inhibited rat intestinal disaccharidases. IC50 values were found to be 34.1 § 3.8, 62.2 § 4.5 and 500.5 § 11.9 �g of CA for rat intestinal sucrase, maltase and p-nitrophenyl �-D-glucopyranoside (PNP-glycoside), respectively. CA also inhibited human salivary �-amylase activity with IC50 value of 185.5 § 4.9 �g. The inhibitory eVect of CA was found to be 8–32 fold more potent than DL-catechin but less eVective than acarbose on rat intestinal disaccharidases and salivary �-amylase. The enzyme kinetic studies showed a non-competitive type of inhibition with a low Ki value of 30.24 �g, 76.67 �g and 341.60 �g of CA for maltase, sucrase and PNP-glycoside hydrolysis activities, respectively. The in vitro inhibition of glucosidases was further conWrmed by in vivo maltose tolerance test in rats. Feeding of CA at 50–200 mg/kg body weight (b.wt) to maltose (2.0 g/kg b.wt), loaded rats signiWcantly reduced the postprandial plasma glucose levels compared with acarbose. The inhibitory components of CA were identiWed as a mixture of polyphenolic compounds viz., gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, caVeic acid, ellagic acid, ferulic acid, quercetin and kaempferol. This study demonstrated that CA exerts antihyperglycemic eVect by decreasing postprandial glucose in rats by modulating �- amylase and glucosidases (sucrase and maltase) activity and thus may be useful for the management of diabetes mellitus.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	�-Glucosidase inhibition · �-Amylase inhibition · Postprandial hyperglycemia · Centratherum anthelminticum · Phenolic compounds
Subjects:	600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 30 Spices/Condiments 600 Technology > 01 Medical sciences > 04 Diabetes Mellitus
Divisions:	Dept. of Biochemistry
Depositing User:	Food Sci. & Technol. Information Services
Date Deposited:	09 Aug 2008 10:52
Last Modified:	28 Dec 2011 10:04
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/8682

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