Dietary garlic and onion reduce the incidence of atherogenic diet-induced cholesterol gallstones in experimental mice

Vidyashankar, S. and Sambaiah, Kari and Srinivasan, Krishnapura (2009) Dietary garlic and onion reduce the incidence of atherogenic diet-induced cholesterol gallstones in experimental mice. British Journal of Nutrition, 101. pp. 1621-1629.

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Abstract

Mice fed with diet containing 0·5% cholesterol for 10 weeks resulted in cholesterol supersaturation in gallbladder bile which promoted the formation of cholesterol gallstones (CGS). In this study, dietary hypocholesterolaemic spices, garlic and onion (both raw or heat-processed) were examined for their antilithogenic potential by including at 0·6 and 2·0% level, respectively, along with lithogenic (LG) diet for 10 weeks. Dietary garlic and onion reduced the CGS incidence by 15–39%, the effect being maximum in the heat-processed onion group. Dietary garlic and onion markedly reduced biliary cholesterol. The cholesterol:phospholipid ratio which was 1·58 in the LG diet group was reduced to 0·73–0·96 in the garlic and onion groups. The biliary cholesterol saturation index was 0·92, 1·25, 1·09 and 0·86, respectively, in the heat-processed onion, raw garlic, heat-processed garlic and raw onion groups, while it was 1·9 in the LG group. The hydrophobicity index of bile was 20·08, 20·079, 20·032 and 20·073, respectively, in the heat-processed onion, raw garlic, heat-processed garlic and raw onion groups, while it was þ0·054 in the LG group. Hepatic hydroxymethyl glutaryl-CoA reductase activity was lowered in the LG diet-fed group, while dietary garlic or onion countered this alteration and also increased the activities of hepatic cholesterol 7a-hydroxylase and sterol 27-hydroxylase. Serum and liver cholesterol were decreased by feeding garlic or onion compared to the LG diet. Thus, dietary Allium spices exerted antilithogenic influence by decreasing the cholesterol hyper-secretion into bile and increasing the bile acid output thus decreasing the formation of lithogenic bile in experimental mice

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Cholesterol gallstones Cholesterol saturation index Hydrophobicity index Dietary garlic Dietary onion
Subjects:	600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 23 Vegetables > 05 Onion 600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 30 Spices/Condiments
Divisions:	Dept. of Biochemistry
Depositing User:	Food Sci. & Technol. Information Services
Date Deposited:	09 Sep 2010 10:34
Last Modified:	27 Oct 2018 11:08
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/9651

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