Recent advances in the microbial production of squalene.

Kalaivani, Paramasivan and Sarma, Mutturi (2022) Recent advances in the microbial production of squalene. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 38. p. 91.

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Abstract

Squalene is a triterpene hydrocarbon, a biochemical precursor for all steroids in plants and animals. It is a principal com�ponent of human surface lipids, in particular of sebum. Squalene has several applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and medical sectors. It is essentially used as a dietary supplement, vaccine adjuvant, moisturizer, cardio-protective agent, anti-tumor agent and natural antioxidant. With the increased demand for squalene along with regulations on shark-derived squalene, there is a need to fnd alternatives for squalene production which are low-cost as well as sustainable. Microbial platforms are being considered as a potential option to meet such challenges. Considerable progress has been made using both wild-type and engineered microbial strains for improved productivity and yields of squalene. Native strains for squalene production are usually limited by low growth rates and lesser titers. Metabolic engineering, which is a rational strain engi�neering tool, has enabled the development of microbial strains such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Yarrowia lipolytica, to overproduce the squalene in high titers. This review focuses on key strain engineering strategies involving both in-silico and in-vitro techniques. Emphasis is made on gene manipulations for improved precursor pool, enzyme modifcations, cofactor regeneration, up-regulation of limiting reactions, and downregulation of competing reactions during squalene production. Process strategies and challenges related to both upstream and downstream during mass cultivation are detailed.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	S. cerevisiae · Squalene · Strain engineering · Terpene
Subjects:	500 Natural Sciences and Mathematics > 04 Chemistry and Allied Sciences > 24 Organic Chemistry
Divisions:	Food Microbiology
Depositing User:	Food Sci. & Technol. Information Services
Date Deposited:	25 Jan 2023 07:01
Last Modified:	25 Jan 2023 07:01
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/15889

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