Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination in sorghum seeds and their biological management.

Divakara Shetty, T. and Mohammed, Aiyaz and Hariprasad, P. (2014) Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination in sorghum seeds and their biological management. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 47 (17). pp. 2141-2156.

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Abstract

In order to establish the current scenario of aflatoxigenic fungal infection and aflatoxin contamination in sorghum seeds across India, 58 seed samples were collected from different agro-climatic regions. Among these, 67.2% samples were infected with Aspergillus spp. and 28% were found contaminated with aflatoxins ranging from 0.0 to 130 μg kg−1. Greenhouse studies revealed no correlation between incidence of Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin content, and its effect on seed quality parameters. Among the 37 A. flavus strains isolated, six were non-aflatoxigenic when analysed through cultural, TLC and ic-ELISA. Seed treatment with biocontrol agents (antagonistic Rhizobacteria and Trichoderma) suppressed the growth of A. flavus under laboratory and significantly enhanced seed quality variables under greenhouse conditions to a various extent. Field trials with selected biocontrol agents showed that talcum powder formulations of Pseudomonas putida Has-1/c, Bacillus spp. 3/a, Trichoderma asperellum M5 and T. asperellum T2 improved seedling emergence, % nutrient accumulation in plants, increased plant biomass and 1000 seed weight. Seeds harvested from treated plants showed significant increase in seed quality variables under laboratory and greenhouse conditions in comparison with control, but there was no significant difference in A. flavus infection and aflatoxin was completely absent in all treatments.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	sorghum; Aspergillus flavus; aflatoxins; rhizobacteria; Trichoderma
Subjects:	500 Natural Sciences and Mathematics > 07 Life Sciences > 04 Microbiology 600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 21 Cereals > 06 Sorghum
Divisions:	Food Microbiology
Depositing User:	Food Sci. & Technol. Information Services
Date Deposited:	16 Oct 2014 06:44
Last Modified:	22 Dec 2016 13:04
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/11647

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