Squalene modulates fatty acid metabolism: Enhanced EPA/DHA in obese/diabetic mice (KK-Ay) model.

Sangeetha, Ravi Kumar and Yamauchi, I. and Bhaskar, N. (2016) Squalene modulates fatty acid metabolism: Enhanced EPA/DHA in obese/diabetic mice (KK-Ay) model. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 118. pp. 1935-1941.

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Abstract

Biosynthesis of long-chain n-3 fatty acids from precursors is limited. In vivo effect of squalene (SQ) on the metabolic fate of n-3 fatty acid precursors in obese/diabetic KK-Ay rodent model was evaluated in our work. Soybean oil, being rich in ALA (18:3 n-3; a known precursor of EPA/DHA), was chosen as the n-3 fatty acid precursor rich source. A high-fat diet (20%) containing 7% soybean oil (SO) was fed to obesity/ diabetes-prone male KK-Ay mice (control). In the case of diets fed to test groups, soybean oil was replaced with 5% SO and 2% SQ. HepaticDHAlevels increased (four fold) in SQ fed group over control (p<0.05). Gene and protein expressions of D5 and D6 desaturases, key enzymes involved in the fatty acid metabolism, further supported the results. Also, SQ exhibited a hypotriglyceridemic and hypoglycemic effect. The results clearly indicated the effect of SQ in modulating the n-3 fatty acid metabolism, including EPA/DHA synthesis in the presence of n-3 fatty acid precursor. This is the first report of enhancement of in vivo DHA/EPA by SQ and in turn, modulating the physiological fatty acid profile. Practical applications: Squalene (SQ) is an important marine biofunctional material that is found in some terrestrial sources as well. Squalene, being a cholesterol precursor, forms an interesting subject of research for its effect in vivo. SQ significantly enhanced proportions of EPA and/or DHA when their n-3 fatty acid precursors were available in the diet. The study further establishes the usefulness of SQ in functional food formulations. The work provides an important basis for further evaluation of the role of SQ in normal and disease conditions.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Docosahexaenoic acid Eicosapentaenoic KK-Ay mice n-3 PUFA Squalene
Subjects:	500 Natural Sciences and Mathematics > 04 Chemistry and Allied Sciences > 17 Fatty Acid Chemistry 600 Technology > 01 Medical sciences > 12 Metabolism
Divisions:	Meat Fish and Poultry Technology
Depositing User:	Food Sci. & Technol. Information Services
Date Deposited:	04 Jul 2017 11:03
Last Modified:	04 Jul 2017 11:03
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/12758

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