Phosphodiesterase-4 enzyme as a therapeutic target in neurological disorders.

Abid, Bhat and Bipul, Ray and Mahalakshmi, A. M. and Sunanda, T. and Nandakumar, D. N. and Malathi, Srinivasan (2020) Phosphodiesterase-4 enzyme as a therapeutic target in neurological disorders. Pharmacological Research, 160. p. 105078.

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Abstract

Phosphodiesterases (PDE) are a diverse family of enzymes (11 isoforms so far identified) responsible for the degradation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) which are involved in several cellular and biochemical functions. Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) is the major isoform within this group and is highly expressed in the mammalian brain. An inverse association between PDE4 and cAMP levels is the key mechanism in various pathophysiological conditions like airway inflammatory diseases−chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurological disorders etc. In 2011, roflumilast, a PDE4 inhibitor (PDE4I) was approved for the treatment of COPD. Subsequently, other PDE4 inhibitors (PDE4Is) like apremilast and crisaborole were approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for psoriasis, atopic dermatitis etc. Due to the adverse effects like unbearable nausea and vomiting, dose intolerance and diarrhoea, PDE4 inhibitors have very less clinical compliance. Efforts are being made to develop allosteric modulation with high specificity to PDE4 isoforms having better efficacy and lesser adverse effects. Interestingly, repositioning PDE4Is towards neurological disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), multiple sclerosis (MS) and sleep disorders, is gaining attention. This review is an attempt to summarize the data on the effects of PDE4 overexpression in neurological disorders and the use of PDE4Is and newer allosteric modulators as therapeutic options. We have also compiled a list of on-going clinical trials on PDE4 inhibitors in neurological disorders.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Phosphodiesterase cAMP cGMP Neurological disorders PDE4 inhibitors Central nervous system
Subjects:	600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 16 Nutritive value > 05 Enzymes
Divisions:	Dept. of Lipid Science
Depositing User:	Food Sci. & Technol. Information Services
Date Deposited:	05 Oct 2020 10:55
Last Modified:	05 Oct 2020 10:55
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/14509

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