Antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory and enzyme inhibition potential of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum)

Nova Kaila, H. J. and Muthukumar, S. P. (2025) Antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory and enzyme inhibition potential of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum). Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 19. pp. 4034-4047.

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Abstract

Pearl millet stands as one of the most abundantly produced millet globally, also occupying 50% of global millet cultivation area. In Indian landscape, pearl millet leads with a dominant share of 60% among other major millet varieties. The nutritional and bioactive composition of plant foods depend on its geographical, agroclimatic conditions and cultivation practices while the quantification of these parameters might be influenced by different variables of extraction. The study therefore, investigates the antioxidant, bioactive and anti-inflammatory potential of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) under different variables of extraction. Analysis of bioactive compounds revealed that these varieties are rich sources of polyphenols and flavonoids such as catechin, rutin, kaempherol, vanillic acid and caffeic acid. Ethanolic extracts of the variety 2 exhibited the highest levels of these compounds, demonstrating significant antioxidant capacity in DPPH and FRAP assays. Furthermore, these extracts exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity, with up to 89.58% activity. Enzyme inhibition assays revealed potential for managing lifestyle disorders, with promising lipase, amylase, and glucosidase inhibition rates. The extraction solvent were shown to influence the nutritional and bioactive make-up of pearl millet varieties. Ethanolic extraction consistently yielded higher bioactive compound concentrations and stronger antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities compared to methanolic and acetonitrile extractions. This study provides valuable baseline data on the nutritional and bioactive properties of pearl millet, supporting its potential as a functional food for health and disease management. These findings may stimulate further research and innovation in food processing, nutraceutical development, and strategies for mitigating lifestyle-related disorders.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Antioxidant · Anti-inflammatory · Enzyme inhibition · Extraction · Flavonoids · Geographical factors · Pearl millet · Polyphenols
Subjects:	600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 16 Nutritive value > 05 Enzymes 600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 21 Cereals > 05 Ragi (Finger Millet) 600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 32 Antioxidants
Divisions:	Dept. of Biochemistry
Depositing User:	Somashekar K S
Date Deposited:	25 Jun 2025 06:19
Last Modified:	25 Jun 2025 06:19
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/19602

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