World Scenario of Extrusion Technology

Bhagyashri, Vishwas Pratape (2009) World Scenario of Extrusion Technology. Masters thesis, University of Mysore.

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Abstract

This Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Additional Information:	Extrusion is a combined process of mixing, conveying, processing food with help of heat and pressure developed because of subsequent decreasing clearance between barrel and screw surface with ultimate expansion by a die. Extrusion, an age old technology has been widely exploited on industrial level because of reasons as it uses various unconventional raw materials, produces different shapes and sizes of finished product, zero effluent, food safety and extended storage life of the product. Today extrusion technology is widely used in food sector for food and feed processing. It is mainly employed for cereals and protein processing. This technology employs the use of extruders which are of diverse design configurations found all around the world. The extruders are broadly categorized as 1. Single screw extruders and 2. Twin screw extruders Single screw extruders are more extensively used due to its low cost, easy working and less complexity in its configuration but twin screw extruders have its own advantages as in case of co-extrusion process. There are other types of single screw extruders like dry extruders and interrupted flight extruders. Dry extruders are mainly used for processing of ingredients at low moisture levels, 8-12% and finds major application in oilseed processing. In interrupted flight extruder the process can be carried out without preconditioning. Snack foods have come out its image, and credit goes to extrusion technology which has exploited various raw materials for snack food industry. The need for convenience food, proprietary food, pet food, ready-to-eat food has made extrusion technology more popular. The extruded snack foods are categorized into 1. Snack foods 2. Breakfast cereals 3. Baby foods 4. Italian Pasta products 5. Oriental noodles 6. Crunchy nuggets and inclusions 7. Co-extruded or filled snacks 8. Pet foods Among the large number of extruded products breakfast cereals, snack foods and pasta products have become very popular. Globally, as the consumption pattern of extruded product is concerned breakfast cereals and confectionary items are popular in western countries while pasta and rice noodles in oriental countries. In India expanded collets snack foods are more popular. Extrusion process and technology is less developed in African continent and needs more promotion. The demand for snack foods, baby foods and pet foods is almost same all over the world. China is the major player in the extrusion technology and extruded products, however, more and more countries can develop the expertise of manufacturing the extruders and extruded products. In India, extruded snack food consumption is high and the major companies producing extruded snacks are Frito-Lay, Haldirams and Bikaneri bhujiawala. Frito-lay has 50% market share in snack foods. Extrusion technology brings structural changes in food for example starch gelatinization, protein denaturation and lipid hydrolysis by virtue of which food is processed and renders product easily digestible. The nutrition quality and nutrient retention in these products is much better than other processing technologies. Extrusion technology is used from many centuries and has come across great development in new process and product introductions in market. Today, rather than using the conventional steam processing large amount of research is concentrated on Supercritical Fluid extrusion, co-extrusion and its application in development of sustainable food product in 21st century market. Thus we can see bright future of food industry as extrusion technology spreads its roots in every food product category making processing more convenient, rapid and safe for human consumption.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Extrusion technology; snack foods; Single screw extruders; Twin screw extruders; breakfast cereals
Subjects:	600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 05 Processing and Engineering
Divisions:	Grain Science and Technology
Depositing User:	Food Sci. & Technol. Information Services
Date Deposited:	20 Jul 2010 11:10
Last Modified:	28 Dec 2011 10:16
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/9571

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