Isolation, structural elucidation and immunomodulatory activity of fructans from aged garlic extract

Chandrashekar, P. M. and Harish Prashanth, K. V. and Venkatesh, Y. P. (2011) Isolation, structural elucidation and immunomodulatory activity of fructans from aged garlic extract. Phytochemistry, 72. pp. 255-264.

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Abstract

Traditionally, garlic (Allium sativum) is known to be a significant immune booster. Aged garlic extract (AGE) possesses superior immunomodulatory effects than raw garlic; these effects are attributed to the transformed organosulfur compounds. AGE is also known to contain fructans; the amount of fructans in AGE represents a small fraction (0.22%) of the total fructans in raw garlic. In order to evaluate the biological activity of fructans present in AGE, both high molecular weight (>3.5 kDa; HF) and low molecular weight (<3 kDa; LF) fructans were isolated. The structures of purified HF and LF from AGE determined by 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy revealed that both have (2?1) b-D-fructofuranosyl bonds linked to a terminal glucose at the non-reducing end and b-D-fructofuranosyl branching on its backbone. Biological activity of fructans was assessed by immunostimulatory activity using murine lymphocytes and peritoneal exudate cells (source of macrophages). Both HF and LF displayed mitogenic activity and activation of macrophages including phagocytosis. These activities were comparable to that of known polysaccharide immunomodulators such as zymosan and mannan. This study clearly demonstrates that garlic fructans also contribute to the immunomodulatory properties of AGE, and is the first such study on the biological effects of garlic fructans.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Aged garlic extract, Bioactive polysaccharides, Garlic fructans, 13C NMR, Immunomodulation Mitogenic activity Macrophage activation Phagocytosis
Subjects:	600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 30 Spices/Condiments 500 Natural Sciences and Mathematics > 04 Chemistry and Allied Sciences > 28 Polysaccharide Chemistry
Divisions:	Dept. of Biochemistry Meat Fish and Poultry Technology
Depositing User:	Food Sci. & Technol. Information Services
Date Deposited:	15 Jun 2011 11:05
Last Modified:	09 May 2012 04:58
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/10116

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