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Effective Inhibition of Skin Cancer, Tyrosinase, and Antioxidative Properties by Astaxanthin and Astaxanthin Esters from the Green Alga Haematococcus pluvialis.
Ranga Rao, A. and Sindhuja, H. N. and Shylaja, M. Dharmesh and Udaya Sankar, K. (2013) Effective Inhibition of Skin Cancer, Tyrosinase, and Antioxidative Properties by Astaxanthin and Astaxanthin Esters from the Green Alga Haematococcus pluvialis. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 61 (16). pp. 3842-3851. ISSN 0021-8561
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Abstract
Astaxanthin mono- (AXME) and diesters (AXDE) were characterized and examined for anticancer potency with total carotenoids (TC) and astaxanthin (AX) against UV–7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced skin cancer model in rat. At 200 μg/kg bw, AXDE and AXME reduced UV-DMBA-induced tumor incidences up to 96 and 88%, respectively, when compared to AX (66%) and TC (85%). UV-DMBA has been known to generate high levels of free radicals and tyrosinase enzyme, leading to characteristic symptoms of skin pigmentation and tumor initiation. Intriguingly, 7-fold increase in tyrosinase and 10-fold decrease in antioxidant levels were normalized by AXDE and AXME as opposed to only 1.4–2.2-fold by AX and TC, respectively. This result together with the appearance of 72 and 58 ng/mL of retinol in the serum of respective AXE-treated (AXDE + AXME) and AX-treated animals suggested that better anticancer potency of AXEs could be due to increased bioavailability.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | microalgae; AX; AXME; AXDE; UV-DMBA; skin cancer; retinol |
| Subjects: | 500 Natural Sciences and Mathematics > 07 Life Sciences > 04 Microbiology > 01 Algae |
| Divisions: | Dept. of Biochemistry Food Engineering Plant Cell Biotechnology |
| Depositing User: | Food Sci. & Technol. Information Services |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Sep 2013 09:06 |
| Last Modified: | 03 Sep 2013 09:06 |
| URI: | http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/11207 |
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