Dietary Unsaturated Fatty Acids Modulate Maternal Dyslipidemia-Induced DNA Methylation and Histone Acetylation in Placenta and Fetal Liver in Rats.

Breetha, R. and Ramaprasad, T. R. (2018) Dietary Unsaturated Fatty Acids Modulate Maternal Dyslipidemia-Induced DNA Methylation and Histone Acetylation in Placenta and Fetal Liver in Rats. Lipids, 53. pp. 581-588. ISSN 0024-4201

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Abstract

The present study assessed the role of dietary unsaturated fatty acids in maternal dyslipidemia-induced DNA methylation and histone acetylation in placenta and fetal liver and accumulation of lipids in the fetal liver. Weanling female Wistar rats were fed control and experimental diets for 2 months, mated, and continued on their diets during pregnancy. At gestation days of 18–20, rats were euthanized to isolate placenta and fetal liver. DNA methylation, DNA methyl transferase-1 (DNMT1) activity, acetylation of histones (H2A and H2B), and histone acyl transferase (HAT) activity were evaluated in placenta and fetal liver. Fetal liver lipid accumulation and activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) were assessed. Maternal dyslipidemia caused significant epigenetic changes in placenta and fetal liver. In the placenta, (1) global DNA methylation increased by 37% and DNMT1 activity by 86%, (2) acetylated H2A and H2B levels decreased by 46% and 24% respectively, and (3) HAT activity decreased by 39%. In fetal liver, (1) global DNA methylation increased by 52% and DNMT1 activity by 78%, (2) acetylated H2A and H2B levels decreased by 28% and 26% respectively, and (3) HAT activity decreased by 37%. Maternal dyslipidemia caused a 4.75-fold increase in fetal liver triacylglycerol accumulation with a 78% decrease in DNA-binding ability of PPAR-α. Incorporation of dietary unsaturated fatty acids in the maternal high-fat diet significantly (p < 0.05) modulated dyslipidemia-induced effects in placenta and fetal liver. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n- 3) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) exhibited a profound effect followed by alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) than linoleic acid (LNA, 18:2n-6) in modulating the epigenetic parameters in placenta and fetal liver.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Dyslipidemia Epigenetics Fetus n-3 fatty acids n-6 fatty acids
Subjects:	500 Natural Sciences and Mathematics > 04 Chemistry and Allied Sciences > 17 Fatty Acid Chemistry
Divisions:	Dept. of Biochemistry
Depositing User:	Food Sci. & Technol. Information Services
Date Deposited:	02 Jan 2019 10:58
Last Modified:	02 Jan 2019 10:58
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/13873

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