Physicochemical characterisations of nanoencapsulated Eucalyptus globulus oil with gum Arabic and gum Arabic nanocapsule and their biocontrol effect on anthracnose disease of Syzygium malaccense Fruits.

Nanoencapsulated E. globulus oil (NP and NC) and gum Arabic (NNP and NC) were pre�pared using nanoprecipitation (NP and NNP) and nanocapsule elaboration (NC and NNC)
methods. Gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/GC-MS)
were used to analyse the oil used in this study. Dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmis�sion electron microscopy (TEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differen�tial scanning calorimetry (DSC), loading capacity (LC), and encapsulation efficiency (EE)
were used to characterise the nanoencapsulated oil. In addition to characterisation, an in�vitro kinetics study of the nanoencapsulated oil was carried out. Fungi were also isolated
from rotten S. malaccense, and the pathogenicity of the fungi was determined. Further�more, the nanoencapsulated oil was used to determine the in-vitro and in-vivo control of
anthracnose in the fruits. The GC/GC-MS analysis revealed that eucalyptol (63.81%) was
the most abundant constituent of the Eucalyptus oil. The DLS revealed that the average
particle size of NP (219±280.94nm) increased compared to NNP (51.8768.44nm), while the
average particle size of NC (516±165.21nm) decreased compared to NNC (548±73.73nm).
Similarly, the average particle size as measured by TEM followed the same pattern as DLS,
NP (7.52±3.54nm), NNP (4.43±1.18nm), NC (6.24±2.13nm), and NNC (8.89±1.54nm). Fur�thermore, there were additional FTIR peaks with the incorporation of the oil (NP) via the
nanoprecipitation method; however, there was no peak with the incorporation of the oil
(NC) via the nanocapsule elaboration method. The oil’s (NP and NC) incorporation with
the gum Arabic’s (NNP and NP) LC, EE, and in-vitro release were all affected. Fungi isolated
from rotten S. malaccense fruits revealed the presence of Rhizopus stolonifer, Colletotrichum
gloeosporioides, and Aspergillus niger; C. gloeosporioides was also confirmed to be the cause
of the rot in S. malaccense fruits. The nanoencapsulated oil’s antifungal activities indicated
that it could be used to control anthracnose disease in S. malaccense fruits