Structural and rheological properties of polysaccharide from Sida cordata leaves for bio-functional food applications

Akash, G. H. and Sarma, Mutturi and Harish Prashanth, K. V. and Koushik, Mazumder and Revathy, Baskaran (2025) Structural and rheological properties of polysaccharide from Sida cordata leaves for bio-functional food applications. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 332. pp. 1-15.

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Abstract

This study reports the structural, rheological, and bio-functional properties of Sida polysaccharide (SPS) extracted from Sida cordata leaves. SPS was obtained via aqueous extraction and identified as a branched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) type heteropolysaccharide enriched in rhamnose, galactose, and uronic acids, with a high soluble dietary fibre content (~60 %). Linkage analysis revealed dominant 4-linked galactose (59.6 mol%) and 3,4-linked glucuronic acid (23.9 mol%), consistent with a branched RG-I backbone carrying uronic acid-rich domains. FTIR and NMR confirmed typical polysaccharide functional groups, while HPSEC estimated a molec- ular weight of ~970 kDa. The mineral composition (notably Ca2+ and Mg2+) and broad particle size distribution (10–1000 μm) were found to modulate hydration and rheological responses. Functionally, SPS exhibited strong antioxidant activity, maintained cell viability, and inhibited 3 T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation, effects attributed to its uronic acid content, galactan branching, and high molecular weight. Rheological studies demonstrated shear-thinning and pH-responsive weak-gel behaviour, further supported by mineral-mediated cross-linking. When incorporated into vegetable soup, SPS effectively replaced corn starch, enhancing viscosity, mineral content, and storage stability without compromising sensory quality. These findings highlight SPS as a struc- turally unique, multifunctional hydrocolloid with potential applications in bio-functional food formulations.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Sida cordata, Polysaccharide, Mucilage, Rheology, Antioxidant, Hydrocolloid, Bioactivity
Subjects:	500 Natural Sciences and Mathematics > 10 Plants 500 Natural Sciences and Mathematics > 04 Chemistry and Allied Sciences > 28 Polysaccharide Chemistry
Divisions:	Food Microbiology
Depositing User:	Somashekar K S
Date Deposited:	12 Nov 2025 11:28
Last Modified:	12 Nov 2025 11:28
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/20089

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