Establishment of somaclonal variants of Robusta coffee with reduced levels of cafestol and kahweol.

Sridevi, V. and Giridhar, P. (2014) Establishment of somaclonal variants of Robusta coffee with reduced levels of cafestol and kahweol. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology-Plant, 50. pp. 618-626.

PDF In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant October 2014, Volume 50, Issue 5, pp 618-626.pdf - Published Version Restricted to Registered users only Download (527kB)

Abstract

Cafestol (caf) and kahweol (kah) are two diterpenes uniquely associated with the unsaponified lipid fraction of coffee brew and are reported to be responsible for an increase in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The plant growth regulators (PGRs) indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), N6- benzyladenine (BA), and thidiazuron (TDZ); the plant growth-promoting agents silver nitrate, triacontanol (TRIA), and coconut water; and some PGR antagonists such as lovastatin, paclobutrazol, and 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) were used to determine the variation of caf and kah in somatic embryos of Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora, CxR variety). Embryogenic (EG) medium was comprised of half-strength Murashige and Skoog basal components (½MS) supplemented with 2.85 μM IAA and 1.11 μM BA. After an 8-wk culture, somatic embryos were subjected to diterpene extraction and HPLC analysis of caf and kah profiles. TRIAsupplemented (5 μg L−1) EG medium devoid of IAA reduced the levels of caf and kah by 18–24 and 48–55%, respectively, in coffee somatic embryos. Similarly, the combination of 2.85 μM IAA, 2.27 μM TDZ, and 5–10% coconut water in ½MS basal medium drastically reduced the caf and kah levels in somatic embryos. There was 60–75% reduction in both caf and kah in the presence of 5 μM TIBA, followed by 56–62% reduction in the presence of 10 μM silver nitrate. In contrast, there was 25–32% elevation of caf and kah in EG medium supplemented with 5 μM paclobutrazol. In this study, for the first time, somaclonal variants of C. canephora with reduced levels of diterpenes caf and kah were established. Furthermore, these lines exhibited consistency in their metabolite profiles when cultivated under greenhouse conditions. In-depth investigations at physiological level are warranted in order to elucidate the actual mechanism of these PGR inhibitors on alterations in endogenous pools of diterpenes in coffee somatic embryos.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Diterpenes . Somatic embryogenesis . Plant growth regulators . Inhibitors
Subjects:	500 Natural Sciences and Mathematics > 10 Plants > 05 Tissue Culture 600 Technology > 07 Beverage Technology > 04 Coffee
Divisions:	Plant Cell Biotechnology
Depositing User:	Food Sci. & Technol. Information Services
Date Deposited:	16 Oct 2014 07:05
Last Modified:	16 Oct 2014 07:05
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/11650

Actions (login required)

View Item