Identification and characterization of bioactive compounds in selected pigmented and non-pigmented rice landraces

Mikhina, M. S. and Abida, P. S. and Jayadeep, A. and Parvathi, M. S. and Visakh, R. L. and Beena, R. (2025) Identification and characterization of bioactive compounds in selected pigmented and non-pigmented rice landraces. Cereal Research Communications. ISSN 0133-3720

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Abstract

The nutraceutical component of indigenous rice landraces has piqued researchers’ interest in the recent decade, as a positive association between pigmented rice consumption and reduced chronic disease has been shown. As a result, the study focused on the analysis of bioactive compounds in a popular red rice variety of Kerala Agricultural University ‘Jyothi’ and six traditional rice landraces including three red-pigmented rice (Rakthasali, Chennellu and Njavara), two white rice (Kala namak and Chomala) and one black rice (Black jasmine). In the phytochemical study, Black jasmine had the highest iron and zinc content (19.169 ± 0.01 and 39.473 ± 0.01 mg 100 g− 1, respectively), anthocyanin content (188.21 mg 100 g−1), flavonoids (147.301 ± 0.01 mg 100 g−1), IC 50 value (7.402 ± 0.06) and invitro digestibility (59 ± 0.58%). Analysis indicated an increase in the content of gamma-oryzanol and total phenolics in selected varieties compared to control, Jyothi. Among the selected varieties, red rice Rakthasali showed the lowest moisture content (11.19 ± 0.006%) and highest γ-oryzanol (72.86 ± 0.003 mg100 g−1). The HPLC characterization of phenolics revealed Rakthasali is the most promising medicinal variety due to the presence of high phenolic components such as catechin (27.258), syringic acid (0.744), caffeic acid (1.084), vanillic acid (4.185), chlorogenic acid (14.279), kaempferol (0.415) and epicatechin (63.333). The phenolic compounds were subjected to molecular docking against major proteins, viz. NFkB, DPPIV and COX-2, involved in causing serious lifestyle diseases. In silico analysis Chlorogenic acid was identified as the best inhibitor of all three target proteins. Thus, the pigmented traditional rice landraces are worthy of conservation to protect their valuable genetic information and to serve as a source of phytonutrients.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Folk rice, Nutraceutical, γ-Oryzanol, Phenolic compounds, In silico analysis,Starch Digestibility, red rice, Black rice
Subjects:	500 Natural Sciences and Mathematics > 07 Life Sciences > 03 Biochemistry & Molecular Biology > 18 Phytochemistry 600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 21 Cereals > 01 Rice 600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 32 Antioxidants
Divisions:	Grain Science and Technology
Depositing User:	Mr Pravi Raj
Date Deposited:	21 Nov 2025 07:05
Last Modified:	21 Nov 2025 07:05
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/20107

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