Effect of furfural, acetic acid and 5‑hydroxymethylfurfural on yeast growth and xylitol fermentation using Pichia stipitis NCIM 3497

Bhavana, B. K. and Sandeep, N. Mudliar and Bokade, V. V. and Debnath, S. (2024) Effect of furfural, acetic acid and 5‑hydroxymethylfurfural on yeast growth and xylitol fermentation using Pichia stipitis NCIM 3497. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 14. pp. 4909-4923.

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Abstract

The valorization of C5 sugars (xylose) from hemicellulose of agro-industrial residues to xylitol, as one of the multi-products biorefinery approach, mandates the pretreatment of biomass which releases fermentable sugars along with the generation of biological inhibitors affecting xylitol fermentation. This study was therefore evaluated to understand the inhibitory kinetics of furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and acetic acid on xylitol fermentation. Xylitol fermentation was established using Pichia stipitis NCIM 3497 with xylose as a pure substrate optimized for xylitol yield and productivity of 0.48 g/g of xylose and 0.13 g/L/h, respectively. The functional relationship of yeast specific growth rate and limiting substrate (xylose) was expressed by Monod-type kinetics. The inhibition kinetics results indicated that the effect of inhibitors on xylitol fermenta- tion was furfural > acetic acid > HMF. Furfural (500 mg/L) and acetic acid (1000 mg/L) reduced xylitol yield by 59% and 44%, respectively, with least reduction of 9.89% exhibited by HMF. The synergistic effect of 500 mg/L furfural, 500 mg/L HMF and 1000 mg/L acetic acid showed the highest reduction in xylitol yield of 67.6% as compared to the control. Kinetic studies predicted that the maximum concentration of furfural, HMF and acetic acid which inhibited P. stipitis growth was 884 mg/L, 3258 mg/L and 2922 mg/L, respectively, whereas xylitol production was completely inhibited at 1069 mg/L fur- fural, 3498 mg/L HMF and 3714 mg/L acetic acid. Furfural and acetic acid were found to be a competitive inhibitor, while uncompetitive inhibition was observed with HMF indicating negligible effect on xylitol fermentation.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Furfural · HMF · Acetic acid · Xylitol fermentation · Pichia stipitis · Inhibition kinetics
Subjects:	600 Technology > 05 Chemical engineering > 04 Fermentation Technology 600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 29 Microbiological food > 04 Yeast
Divisions:	Food Engineering Plant Cell Biotechnology
Depositing User:	Somashekar K S
Date Deposited:	18 Dec 2025 11:14
Last Modified:	18 Dec 2025 11:14
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/20217

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