Toxic factors and their detoxification in castor.

Rao, K. H. (1970) Toxic factors and their detoxification in castor. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 7. 77-82, 88ref. ISSN 0022-1155

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Abstract

Defatted castor bean cake contains 4 toxic factors, ricin, ricinine, an allergen and chlorogenic acid, which prevent its use as a protein source. Ricin can be detoxified by various heat treatments, by treatment with sodium ricinoleate, KMnO4, H2O2 and halogens, by ethanol extraction, by UV irradiation or by treatment with proteolytic enzymes, autolysed yeast or autolysed azotobacter. High levels of ricin have no ill effects on cattle. Ricine is extracted from castor cake with a solution of alkali halides and alkali hydroxides, but appears to be harmless. The allergenic material comprises up to 12.5% of castor seed cake, and repeated administration increases sensitivity. It can be inactivated by steam treatment, or by heat treatment with lime, Ca(OH)2, NaCl, formaldehyde, NH4OH, (NH4)2SO4, KMnO4 or urea. It is concluded that castor bean cake could be made a source of protein for man, given technology and finance.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	TOXICITY-; Detoxification of castor bean protein; OILSEEDS-; PROTEINS-(UNCONVENTIONAL); HAEMAGGLUTININS-; /Ricin/ in castor beans; ALKALOIDS-; /ricinine/ in castor beans; ALLERGY-; /allergen/ in castor beans; CHLOROGENIC-ACID; /chlorogenic acid/ in castor beans; HEATING-; Detoxification of castor beans by /heating/; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; Detoxification of castor beans by /H2O2 treatment; HALOGENS-; Detoxification of castor beans by /TREATMENT WITH halogens/; ETHYL-ALCOHOL; Detoxification of castor beans by /ethanol extraction/; EXTRACTION-; ULTRAVIOLET-; Detoxification of castor beans by /UV irradiation/; IRRADIATION-; PROTEASES-; Detoxification of castor beans by /TREATMENT WITH PROTEOLYTIC enzymes/; SODIUM-CHLORIDE; Detoxification of castor beans by / treatment with NaCl/; UREA-; Detoxification of castor beans by / treatment with urea/; FORMALDEHYDE-; Detoxification of castor beans by / treatment with formaldehyde/
Subjects:	600 Technology > 01 Medical sciences > 17 Toxicology 600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 19 Lipids-oils/fats
Divisions:	Lipid Science and Traditional Foods
Depositing User:	Food Sci. & Technol. Information Services
Date Deposited:	17 May 2012 09:32
Last Modified:	17 May 2012 09:32
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/7291

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