Coffee oligosaccharides and their role in health and wellness.

Coffee oligosaccharides (COS) are novel sources of prebiotics comprising manno-oligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides,
arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides, and cello-oligosaccharides. These oligosaccharides function
as prebiotics, antioxidant-dietary fiber owing to important physicochemical and physiological properties, adjuvants,
pharma, nutraceutical food, gut health, immune system boosting, cancer treatment, and many more.
Research suggests COS performs prebiotic action, as it enhances gut health by promoting beneficial bacteria in
the colon and releasing functional metabolites such as SCFAs. However, research on COS concerning other
metabolic illnesses is still lacking. Among various production strategies, pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis
are preferred for the production of COS. Functional oligosaccharides can add value to coffee waste and reduce
the environmental impact of coffee manufacturing, besides providing more options for healthy and active ingredients.
This review updates COS, production, bio-activity, their role as a functional food, food supplements/
natural food additives, prebiotics and many applications of health sectors. Research is desirable to extend information
on COS and their bio-activity, besides in vivo and clinical trials, to assess their effects in prior human
formulations into the food and therapeutic arena.