Microplastics in our diet: A review of food source contamination.

Microplastics and Nanoplastics (MNPs) are particles arising from the intentional synthesis or unintentional
degradation of plastic. They are widespread contaminants in diverse environments - from deep oceans to the
human body. These particles could enter humans via inhalation, water, or food. Despite a decade of research on
detecting MNPs in food, there is an incomplete understanding of the source of MNPs, their quantities and
behaviour in food, and the total exposure to humans. This review examines studies on MNPs detected in foods
(sans seafood), highlighting their presence in terrestrial and processed food sources. It elaborates on the diversity
of data reported and its inconsistencies, challenges in the methodology, recent developments and progress, and
key future directions. Detection of MNPs in critical routes is the first step in understanding the extent of MNP
exposure and toxicity to humans. This is essential for developing effective interventions and food safety and
health policies.