Evaluating the efficacy of Monarda citriodora essential oil as a biorational against Rhyzopertha dominica infestation in stored sorghum and pearl millet

Vicky Vilas, Ambre and Mokshith, D.G. and Vivek Babu, C.S. (2025) Evaluating the efficacy of Monarda citriodora essential oil as a biorational against Rhyzopertha dominica infestation in stored sorghum and pearl millet. Journal of Stored Products Research, 115. ISSN 0022-474X

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Abstract

Sorghum and pearl millet are vital sources of food and fodder in semi-arid regions, prone to infestation by stored grain insect pests. Essential oil (EO) from the Lamiaceae family plants is gaining attention because of its effectiveness against these pests. We report for the first time on the utilization of essential oil from Monarda citriodora (MC-EO) against Rhyzopertha dominica (RD), a significant pest prevalent in both stored sorghum and pearl millet. The current work highlights fumigant and contact bioassays (without and with grains), germination ability of post-treated grains, EO residual analysis, and in vitro enzyme assays (AChE and GST). The M. citriodora exhibits fumigant (FT) and contact (CT) toxicity in 12 h with an LC50 of 48.94 μL/L and 0.005 μL/cm2, respectively. Moreover, with sorghum and pearl millet for 168 h, FT was 494 μL/L and 272.68 μL/L. The EO treatment showed no residues on grains without any significant change in germination. Inhibition (in vitro) of AChE and GST activity was noticed with 10 % EO. Computational studies with the major components of EO (thymol and o-cymene) showed the binding affinities towards RD AChE and observed to be −6.1 kcal/mol and −5.5 kcal/mol, respectively. Hence, M. citriodora EO can be a good biorational candidate against R. dominica.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Stored grain insect pest Bioassays AChE inhibition GST activity Biopesticide
Subjects:	600 Technology > 03 Agriculture > 05 Insect/Pest Control 600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 21 Cereals > 06 Sorghum
Divisions:	Food Protectants and Infestation Control
Depositing User:	Mr Pravi Raj
Date Deposited:	10 Nov 2025 11:16
Last Modified:	10 Nov 2025 11:16
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/20071

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