Prophylactic treatment with Bacopa monnieri leaf powder mitigates paraquat-induced oxidative perturbations and lethality in Drosophila melanogaster

Ravikumar, Hosamani and Dr., Muralidhara (2010) Prophylactic treatment with Bacopa monnieri leaf powder mitigates paraquat-induced oxidative perturbations and lethality in Drosophila melanogaster. Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 47. pp. 75-82.

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Abstract

Environmental exposure to the oxidant-producing herbicide, paraquat (PQ) (1, 1’-dimethyl-4, 4’-bipyridinium dichloride) has long been implicated as a risk factor in Parkinson’s disease (PD). PQ-induced oxidative stress has been exploited as a model to screen putative neuroprotective compounds employing Drosophila. In the present study, we investigated the prophylactic efficacy of Bacopa monnieri (BM) against PQ-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunctions and lethality. Exposure of adult male flies (Oregon K) to PQ alone (40 mM in 5% sucrose) resulted in 50% mortality at 48 h. Prophylaxis (7 days) with BM extract (0.1%) offered significant protection (40%) against PQ-induced mortality. Further, oxidative impairments and mitochondrial dysfunctions were monitored among Drosophila exposed to PQ (20, 40 mM) for 24 h. Significant induction of oxidative stress was observed in terms of enhanced malondialdehyde and hydroperoxide levels, and elevated activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and SOD). Mitochondrial dysfunctions included of significant reduction in the activities of succinate dehydrogenase (23%), complex I-III (26%), and complex II-III (30%) enzymes. Interestingly, prophylaxis with BM extract prevented the oxidative stress induction by PQ and restored the activity of ETC complexes, suggesting clearly its specific effect on the mitochondria. While the precise mechanism of action of BM needs further investigations, it may be related to its ability to enhance antioxidant defences and thus mitigate PQ-induced oxidative stress in Drosophila.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Paraquat Oxidative stress Mitochondrial dysfunction Bacopa monnieri Neuroprotection
Subjects:	500 Natural Sciences and Mathematics > 04 Chemistry and Allied Sciences > 26 Pesticide Chemistry 500 Natural Sciences and Mathematics > 10 Plants
Divisions:	Dept. of Biochemistry
Depositing User:	Food Sci. & Technol. Information Services
Date Deposited:	15 Sep 2010 05:08
Last Modified:	28 Dec 2011 10:17
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/9658

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