Oral bioavailability and amelioration of high fat diet induced obesity via AMPK/SIRT1 pathway using oleoresin from Nigella sativa L. seeds in C57BL/6 mice

Isha, Gupta and Sangh, Priya and Syed Suhail, A and Muthukumar Serva, Peddha (2025) Oral bioavailability and amelioration of high fat diet induced obesity via AMPK/SIRT1 pathway using oleoresin from Nigella sativa L. seeds in C57BL/6 mice. Journal of Food Bioscience, 71. pp. 1-14.

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Abstract

Objective: This study investigated the oral bioavailability and anti-obesity effects of oleoresin extracted from seeds of Nigella sativa L. (NS), in high-fat-diet-fed C57BL/6 mice. NS is rich in polyphenols, flavonoids, and unsaturated fatty acids; known for their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. However, its role in modulating lipid and energy metabolism remains unexplored. Methods: Oleoresin was administered orally as well as intravenously (IV), and whole blood was collected at predetermined time points. Thymoquinone (TQ) concentration in plasma was quantified using HPLC. For anti- obesity assessment, 36 male C57BL/6 mice were divided into six groups, one normal diet and five HFD groups. NS oleoresin was administered daily at doses 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight (BW) for 8 weeks. Results: Treatment groups showed significant reductions in body weight, blood glucose, LDL, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and liver size, along with an increase in HDL levels. Gene expression analysis revealed that oleoresin downregulated CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated recep- tor gamma (PPARγ) expression, while slightly upregulating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPKα) gene in the higher dose group. Although the mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP1) was not significantly altered, expression of sirtuin 1 and PGC-1, was enhanced indicating enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis, insulin sensitivity and weight reduction. Histopathological examination showed reversal of hepatic steatosis, as well as regular-sized adipocytes in dose-dependent treatment. Conclusion: NS seed oleoresin supplementation may reduce the BW and lipid profile induced by HFD when given in higher doses via activation of AMPK/SIRT1 pathway, potentially serving as a functional food therapeutic against obesity and related complications.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Obesity, Nigella sativa, Oral bioavailability, Oleoresin, AMPKα
Subjects:	500 Natural Sciences and Mathematics > 10 Plants > 02 Plant Biochemistry 500 Natural Sciences and Mathematics > 07 Life Sciences > 03 Biochemistry & Molecular Biology > 18 Phytochemistry
Divisions:	Dept. of Biochemistry
Depositing User:	Somashekar K S
Date Deposited:	25 Sep 2025 09:25
Last Modified:	25 Sep 2025 09:25
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/19868

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