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Nutraceutical potential of maize (Zea mays L.) laboratory‑scale wet milling by‑products in terms of β‑sitosterol in fiber, γ‑tocopherol in germ, and lutein and zeaxanthin in gluten
Deepak, Thalli Satyanarayana and Jayadeep, Padmanabhan Appukuttan (2023) Nutraceutical potential of maize (Zea mays L.) laboratory‑scale wet milling by‑products in terms of β‑sitosterol in fiber, γ‑tocopherol in germ, and lutein and zeaxanthin in gluten. Cereal Research Communications, 51. pp. 687-699.
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Abstract
In this study, a simplified laboratory-scale wet milling method was designed and utilized to fractionate maize (corn) kernels into by-products namely germ, gluten and fiber. Corn gluten with the highest yield (14.4%) was followed by fiber (12.1%) and germ (4%). Nutraceuticals were chemically extracted, characterized and compared between the by-products and the raw corn kernel flour. Carotenoids, tocopherols and tocotrienols were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), while the phytosterols were characterized by gas chromatography (GC). It was found that γ-tocopherol was higher in corn germ (58.89 mg/100 g) than in fiber, gluten and the raw corn kernel flour (1.96, 2.01 and 14.02 mg/100 g, respec- tively). Corn fiber showed a higher β-sitosterol content (294.36 mg/100 g) than germ, gluten and the raw corn kernel flour (31.11, 134.25 and 94.13 mg/100 g, respectively). In addition, corn gluten had a higher content of lutein (5074 μg/100 g) and zeaxanthin (6559 μg/100 g) than the germ, fiber and the raw corn kernel flour. Nutraceuticals and functional food ingre- dients from corn wet milling by-products offer health-promoting value and may alleviate the risk of cardiovascular diseases, oxidative stress and cancer.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Maize (corn), Wet milling, Laboratory scale, By-products, Nutraceuticals |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 18 Processed foods 600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 22 Legumes-Pulses > 02 Maize |
| Divisions: | Grain Science and Technology |
| Depositing User: | Somashekar K S |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Dec 2025 11:07 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Dec 2025 11:07 |
| URI: | http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/20223 |
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