Development and Evaluation of an Ozone Fumigation Reactor for the Management of Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

Green gram is an important pulse crop widely utilized for their nutritional benefits; nevertheless, they are very vulnerable to being attacked by insects that reside within stored grains, causing substantial losses in terms of quantity and quality. Chemical pesticides used to treat these insects have been linked to many issues including pesticide residue, environmental toxicity, and even resistance among others. There is therefore an increasing interest in exploring alternative fumigation methods that will be friendly to the environment. Ozone, a powerful oxidizing compound, has gained recognition as a potential alternative because of its effectiveness and ability to break down into oxygen.