Formation of Bowman–Birk inhibitors during the germination of horsegram (Dolichos biflorus)

Three Bowman–Birk type inhibitors (HGGI-I, II and III), which appear in the cotyledons of 120 h germinated horsegram (Dolichos biflorus) seeds have been purified to homogeneity by size-exclusion chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography. HGGI-I, HGGI-II and HGGI-III differ from each other and from the dormant seed inhibitors in amino acid composition, molecular size and charge. The amino-terminal sequence analyses indicate that these inhibitors are derived from the isoinhibitors of the
dormant seed by a limited proteolysis and not by de novo synthesis. These inhibitors differ from each other at their amino-terminus. HGGI-II identical to HGGI-I except for the loss of a single amino-terminal aspartyl residue, where as HGGI-III shows the loss of a pentapeptide. All the three inhibitors are potent competitive inhibitors of trypsin and chymotrypsin. The dissociation constants (Kis)
for trypsin inhibition indicate that amino-terminal tail of the inhibitors play a role in trypsin binding probably through electrostatic interaction.