Lactobacillus fermentum MCC2759 and MCC2760 Alleviate Infammation and Intestinal Function in High‑Fat Diet‑Fed and Streptozotocin‑Induced Diabetic Rats.

The growing incidence of type 2 diabetes and obesity has become a worldwide crisis with increased socio-economic burden.
Changes in lifestyle and food habits resulting in dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and low-grade infammation are linked to
the rising incidence. The aim of this study was to investigate the efects of potential probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum
MCC2759 and MCC2760 on intestinal markers of infammation using a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed model and a streptozotocin
(STZ)-induced diabetic model. Lact. fermentum administration showed improved oral glucose tolerance compared with
the model controls of HFD (AUC 1518) and STZ (628.8). Plasma insulin levels improved in the Lact. fermentum treated
groups of HFD+MCC2759 (129±4.24 pmol/L) and HFD+MCC2760 (151.5±9.19 pmol/L) in HFD study, while in STZ
diabetic study, the insulin levels were normalized with Lact. fermentum administration, for D+MCC2759 (120.5±7.77)
and D+MCC2760 (138±5.65 pmol/L) groups. The results showed reduction in infammatory tone in liver, muscle, and
adipose tissues of rats in both models with stimulation of anti-infammatory IL-10 by real-time quantitative polymerase
chain reaction. Additionally, the potential probiotic cultures also displayed normalization of markers related to intestinal
barrier integrity (ZO-1), TLR-4 receptor, and insulin sensitivity (GLUT-4, GLP-1, adiponectin). Thus, the results suggest
that Lact. fermentum could act as potential probiotic for lifestyle-related disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and metabolic
syndrome as both prophylactic and adjunct therapies.