Efficacy of Citrus maxima fruit segment supplemented paranthas in STZ induced diabetic rats.

The study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of Citrus maxima
(Pomelo) fruit segments fortified paranthas compared to pomelo juice and
naringin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The animals were divided into
nine groups, Groups 1 to 3: negative control; Group 4: diabetic control; Groups 5
through 8: treatments with pomelo juice, naringin, plain paranthas, and pomelo
supplemented paranthas; and Group 9 was positive control metformin. The
groups were monitored for weight, oral glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance,
bioavailability, biochemical parameters, and histopathological studies. Based on
the result the group treated with paranthas fortified with pomelo fruit segment
(Group 8) showed 19% of overall weight gain, approximately 50% reduction in
plasma glucose level and improved serum protein (5.70 g/dl) and serum insulin
(8.54 ng/ml) level as compared against diabetic control. The treatments had effectively
lowered the level of liver enzyme and lipids (except HDL) in the serum
along with the improved renal function. The group treated with pomelo juice
and pomelo supplemented paranthas exhibited marked tolerance to the glucose
and insulin similar to the positive control. Therefore, the antidiabetic activity
was found to bemore pronounced in the order of pomelo juice > fortified paranthas
> naringin. Since pomelo juice is bitter and astringent in nature, the fruit
can be better utilized in the form of fortified paranthas,which exerts antidiabetic
effect similar to the positive controlmetformin. Hence, paranthas supplemented
with pomelo fruit segments (bioactives-rich) aids in the reducing the risk of diabetes
and can be recommended to gain nutritional benefits for normal and diabetic
populations.