Valorization of marine fish waste biomass and Gallus gallus eggshells as feedstock and catalyst for biodiesel production

Karkal, S. S. and Kudre, T. G. (2023) Valorization of marine fish waste biomass and Gallus gallus eggshells as feedstock and catalyst for biodiesel production. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 20. pp. 7993-8016.

PDF s13762-022-04413-3.pdf - Published Version Restricted to Registered users only Download (3MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Fish and poultry processing industries generate vast quantities of by-products as wastes, creating disposal and environmental problems. However, these wastes are an excellent source of oil and calcium-based catalyst. Against these concerns, the present study primarily focuses on exploiting waste Gallus gallus chicken eggshell-derived CaO as a heterogeneous base catalyst for biodiesel production from marine fish waste oil (MFWO). The oil yield of 95.2 wt% was obtained from marine fish waste by the wet reduction method. Physicochemical characteristics of the MFWO suggested the suitability for biodiesel production. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis of catalyst prepared from chicken eggshells by calcination at 900 °C for 4 h revealed that catalyst was crystalline and mesoporous with the surface area of 6.058 m 2 g −1 . The biodiesel production from MFWO using calcined eggshell catalyst was optimized by adopting a response surface methodology based on a central composite design. The maximum biodiesel yield (86.5 wt%) was obtained with methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 25:1, catalyst dosage of 5 wt% of oil, reaction temperature of 57 °C, and reaction time of 107 min. Thinlayer chromatography, FTIR, and gas chromatography analysis confirmed the conversion of MFWO to biodiesel. The acid value (0.5 mg KOH/g), iodine value (131 g I 2 /100), flash point (115 °C), smoke point (20 mm), and dynamic viscosity (5.88 cP) of MFWO biodiesel ensured its feasibility. These findings proposed that exploiting MFWO and chicken eggshells for biodiesel production could reduce environmental pollution and disposal issues.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Marine fish waste, Oil recovery, Calcined chicken eggshell, Response surface methodology, Biodiesel optimization, Biodiesel characterization
Subjects:	500 Natural Sciences and Mathematics > 07 Life Sciences > 01 Biology > 05 Marine Biology 600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 16 Nutritive value > 07 Waste utilization 600 Technology > 08 Food technology > 28 Meat, Fish & Poultry > Fish
Divisions:	Meat Fish and Poultry Technology
Depositing User:	Somashekar K S
Date Deposited:	18 Dec 2025 11:08
Last Modified:	18 Dec 2025 11:08
URI:	http://ir.cftri.res.in/id/eprint/20222

Actions (login required)

View Item